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Copyright © Tarek Kakhia. All rights reserved. http://tarek.kakhia.org its distinctive strong smell, the smell of bleach. The bonding between the two atoms is relatively weak ( only of 242.580 ± 0.004 kJ / mol ) which makes the Cl2 molecule highly reactive. Along with fluorine, bromine, iodine and astatine, chlorine is a member of the halogen series that forms the group 17 of the periodic table—the most reactive group of elements. It combines readily with nearly all elements . Compounds with oxygen, nitrogen, xenon, and krypton are known, but do not form by direct reaction of the elements.[2] Chlorine, though very reactive, is not as extremely reactive as fluorine. Pure chlorine gas does, how ever, support combustion of organic compounds such as hydrocarbons, although the carbon component tends to burn incompletely, with much of it remaining as soot . At 10 °C and atmospheric pressure, one liter of water dissolves 3.10 L of gaseous chlorine, and at 30 °C, 1 L of water dissolves only 1.77 liters of chlorine.[4] Chlorine is a member of the salt - forming halogen series and is extracted from chlorides through oxidation often by electrolysis. With metals, it forms salts called chlorides. As the chloride ion, Cl−, it is also the most abundant dissolved ion in ocean water. 2 . 1 . Isotopes of chlorine : Chlorine has isotopes with mass numbers ranging from 32 to 40. There are two principal stable isotopes, 35Cl ( 75.77 % ) and 37Cl ( 24.23 % ) , giving chlorine atoms in bulk an apparent atomic weight of 35.4527 g / mol. Trace amounts of radioactive 36Cl exist in the environment, in a ratio of about 7 x 10−13 to 1 with stable isotopes. 36Cl is produced in the atmosphere by spallation of 36Ar by interactions with cosmic ray protons. In the subsurface environment, 36Cl is generated primarily as a result of neutron capture by 35Cl or muon capture by 40Ca. 36Cl decays to 36S and to 36Ar, with a combined half-life of 308,000 years. The half-life of this hydrophilic nonreactive isotope makes it suitable for geologic dating in the range of 60,000 to 1 million years. 3PDF Image | Chlorine Characteristics
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