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Copyright © Tarek Kakhia. All rights reserved. http://tarek.kakhia.org gelatin and other food additives , de caling , and leather processing. About 20 million metric tones of hydrochloric acid are produced annually . Muriatic acid , Spirit (s) of Salt , Chlorane Other Names Molecular Formula HCl in water ( H2O ) Molar Mass Appearance 36.5 g / mol ( HCl ) Clear colorless to light - yellow liquid 1.18 g / cm3 Density Melting point − 27.32 °C , 38 % solution. 110 °C , 20.2 % solution; 48 °C , 38 % solution. Boiling point Solubility in Water Miscible Acidity ( pKa ) − 8.0 Viscosity 1.9 mPa·s at 25 °C , 31.5 % solution EU Classification Corrosive ( C ) 2 . History Hydrochloric acid was first discovered around A.D. 800 by the alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan ( Geber ) , by mixing common salt with sulfuric acid ( " vitriol " ) . Jabir discovered many important chemicals, and recorded his findings in over twenty books, which carried his chemical knowledge of hydrochloric acid and other basic chemicals for hundreds of years. Jabir's invention of the gold- dissolving aqua regia, consisting of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, was of great interest to alchemists searching for the philosopher's stone. In the Middle Ages, hydrochloric acid was known to European alchemists as spirits of salt or acidum salis ( salt acid ). Both names are still deployed, notably in non - English languages, such as 24PDF Image | Chlorine Characteristics
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