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Figure 1 shows the cell voltage during varied current cycling while tracking the amount of Cl2 present in the posolyte vial’s headspace. The Cl2 concentration stays well below 1% until the cell is cycled at 10 mA/cm2; then, it rises to over 4%. High concentrations of Cl2 correlate to regions of high voltage in the 10 mA/cm2 cycles. This trend was observed in multiple experiments across different cells built in the same configuration. As the voltage decreases and the cell is discharged, the gas concentration decreases rapidly, suggesting there is a mechanism for gas reabsorption into the electrolyte. After the 10 mA/cm2 cycling ended and the cell was cycled at 100 mA/cm2, the Cl2 concentration decreased to less than 1%. From Figure 1 it appears that extended time above a specific voltage or SOC causes significant gas generation. When charging at 10 mA/cm2 the cell spends more time at high voltages. 25 mA/cm2 50 mA/cm2 10 mA/cm2 100 mA/cm2 Figure 2 shows a zoomed in view of the charging step of the first cycle in the 10 mA/cm2 region of Figure 1. A reference electrode was used to isolate the individual contributions of the positive and negative electrodes to the Cl2 generation at high cell voltage. Cell voltage is shown along with the relative potentials that the PE and NE experience as determined by a Pt pseudo reference electrode. Charging has two stages that are separated by a transition period at t = 25.4 h Figure 1: Varied current cycling of single cell mixed acid flow battery. a) Cell voltage at different charge/discharge currents. b) Cl2 gas concentration in the posolyte vial headspace. 5PDF Image | Chlorine Gas Generation in Mixed-Acid Vanadium Redox
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