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additional chemical corrosion of zinc at the top plate. For larger static heads, the up-flowing electrolyte, mixing with the more quiescent fluid, will cause less turbulence which could result in less chemical corrosion of zinc at the top plate. From the results, it is concluded that the effect of electrolyte static head on cell performance is not important. The operation of zinc-chlorine cells requires very little static head. However, the presence of a small static head is essential to ensure that the electrodes are fully immersed in the electrolyte. Electrode-Height Effect In the operation of zinc-chlorine cells, the electrolyte flow rate per unit area of electrode is kept constant. The liquid head pressures caused by increased electrode heights are insignificant in comparison to the pressure drop in the feeder tubes and pressure drop through the electrodes. Increasing the electrode height increases the electrolyte velocity at the top of electrodes. Even doubling this velocity by dou bling the height from 4" to 8" did not appear to affect the electrochemical perfor mance. Cells with 6" and 8" high electrodes offered similar coulombic efficiencies and similar voltage time discharge profiles as compared to the 4" electrode cells. 2 For a given chlorine concentration (g/l), the chlorine flux (g/min-cm ) is higher at the top plate than the bottom due to an electrolyte velocity difference. It is generally accepted that chemical corrosion at the zinc plate is due to the attack of dissolved Cl . Since the rate of chemical corrosion of zinc is a function of the chlorine flux, the corrosion rate at the top of an 8" electrode is expected to be higher than that of a 4" electrode. However, this behavior was not observed experi mentally. Under the operating Cl2 concentration of 2.4-2.5g/Ji, the distribution of deposited zinc at a 6" and 8" electrode are satisfactorily uniform indicating no baring of zinc at the top plates, and is essentially identical with the 4" elec trode. One possible explanation is that doubling the average electrolyte velocity in the inter-electrode gap, by doubling the electrode height, does not significantly alter the diffusion layer thickness adjacent to the zinc electrode. This diffusion layer thickness being essentially unaffected will result in similar corrosion rates and coulombic efficiencies for all three test cells. 32-12PDF Image | Development of the Zinc-Chlorine Battery for Utility
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