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INTRODUCTION Section 35 SELECTION AND QUALIFICATION OF POROUS GRAPHITES Commercial feasibility of the zinc-chlorine battery is, in part, dependent upon low materials cost and availability. Following the decision to produce an "all-graphite" battery, Union Carbide porous graphite PG-60 was the only electrode material qualified for use in the zinc-chlorine electrochemical cell. However, the steadily rising costs of PG-60 forced a search for an alternative source of porous graphite. Before any material is qualified for battery system use, it must meet the follow ing requirements: » Voltaic performance must approach or exceed 90% at operational current densities of 30 to 45mA/cm^, as received and/or after a reprocessing procedure which enhances activity. • Cost on the order of $2/lb (1978 dollars) at the projected use level. This includes eventual commercial availability of the required quantities. e Coulombic performance of the battery must not be adversely affected by organic or inorganic contaminants which may originate from the graphite. • Resistance to flow (pressure drop) must not be so excessive as to become flow-controlling. 0 Material strength must be compatible with the hydraulic forces encountered. A high priority during Phase I was given to evaluating the voltaic performance of the selected graphites. Routinely monitored parameters included: 0 Working cell polarization as a function of current density. 0 Voltage vs. electrolyte flow-rate at a given current density. Additionally, measurements were made to compare the pressure drop developed by flowing electrolyte through each graphite test material with that of PG-60. 35-1PDF Image | Development of the Zinc-Chlorine Battery for Utility
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