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INTRODUCTION Section 36 INERTS REJECTION FROM BATTERY MODULES Trace amounts of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide are by-products of the electrochemical reactions in the zinc-chlorine battery system. These gases are loosely categorized as "inerts" in the system in the sense that the reactions by which they are formed are not reversible in ordinary battery electrochemical processes. In addition, they are inert in the hydrate-formation process whereby chlorine is stored in the battery. Once formed in the closed battery system, they must be removed to prevent accumulation and resultant interference with normal battery operation. Hydrogen removal is readily accomplished by the ambient temperature photochemical reaction of the hydrogen with chlorine to produce HC1. The HC1 is returned to the battery electrolyte with the beneficial effect of maintaining a constant battery pH. This method of hydrogen removal has been used with satisfactory results in the 45 kWh load-leveling system and in a number of previous battery systems. Oxygen and carbon dioxide, however, are not as easily removed. While hard data is not yet available, it is believed that any photochemical reduction of oxygen with hydrogen under battery conditions is precluded by the hydrogen-chlorine reaction. Catalytic methods of oxygen reduction are precluded by the presence of chlorine, a "poison" for catalysts normally associated with this reaction. Reduction of carbon dioxide in the presence of strongly-oxidizing nascent chlorine is not believed to be feasible by ordinary means at near-ambient temperature. As a result, removal methods predicated upon the separation and venting of these gases are considered as the most practical. 36-1PDF Image | Development of the Zinc-Chlorine Battery for Utility
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