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The exchange current density (iQ) was calculated from the intercepts of the anodic and cathodic branches in Figure 6 and the obtained data is also 2+ summarized in Table 1. The exchange current density of Zn/Zn in KC1 is 9 “2 reported by Sierra Alcazar and Harrison [6]: i^ = 0.52 mA/cmz for 10 M ZnSo^ + 1.0 M KC1 (pH = 3.5). However, the exchange current also varies with the pH: 2 1.1 and 0.98 mA/cm in pH of 3 and 1.8, respectively. Detailed kinetics studies and mass transfer of zinc electrode in ZnCl^ solution are given by Kim [7], Table I THE KINETIC PARAMETERS OF THE ZINC CHLORIDE SOLUTION (pH =2.0) ZnCl i b -b 2oac (mA/cm2) 0.5 1.36 1.0 1.75 2.0 2.65 CONCLUSIONS (mV) (mV) 108.5 139.5 94.4 131.3 90.6 113.7 The voltaic performance of the Zn-Cl^ battery was investigated. Flat polarization curves were observed. The main overvoltage was detected on the Cl^ electrode, while the Zn overvoltage was very low for both the charging and dis charging steps. It is believed that most of the Cl^ electrode overpotential is kinetic in nature due to the relative slowness of Cl^ reaction on graphite. The ohmic drop can be improved by adding KC1 or NaCl supporting electrolytes; however, NaCl was found to be inefficient in improving the discharging cell voltage. It is possible that the additional polarization during the Cl^ reduction is caused by the salting out effect or complexing ability of NaCl in chlorinated ZnCl^ solution. The use of a porous flow-through graphite electrode is essential because of the low solubility of Cl^ and the otherwise buildup of mass transfer overpotential during the discharging of the cell. Tafel kinetics has been observed for both chlorine and zinc electrodes and their exchange current 2 densities are in the several mA/cm range. A -12PDF Image | Development of the Zinc-Chlorine Battery for Utility
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