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ABSTRACT Q prrqvt s ur 6TH@ ! Dr hvhy Hrpuhvphy @tvrr vt 8t r @vv DH@8@! Irir & ! 9rr 8y hq VT6 DH@8@! %!$'$ TESTING AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NASA 5 CM BY 5 CM BI-SUPPORTED SOLID OXIDE ELECTROLYSIS CELLS OPERATED IN BOTH FUEL CELL AND STEAM ELECTROLYSIS MODES R.C. O’Brien Center for Space Nuclear Research / INL Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA J.E. O’Brien Idaho National Laboratory Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA S.C. Farmer NASA Glenn Research Center Cleveland, Ohio, USA J.A. Setlock University of Toledo Toledo, Ohio, USA and the potential long-term demand for hydrogen as an environmentally benign direct transportation fuel [1-3]. Additional important non-transportation markets for large-scale hydrogen production include ammonia production and (potentially) carbon-free steel production [4]. At present, hydrogen production in North America is based almost exclusively on steam reforming of methane. From a long-term perspective, methane reforming may not be sustainable for large-scale hydrogen production since natural gas is a non- renewable resource that exhibits large volatility in price and since methane reforming and other fossil-fuel conversion processes emit large quantities of greenhouse gases to the environment [5]. Non-fossil carbon-free options for hydrogen production include conventional water electrolysis coupled to either renewable (e.g., wind) energy sources or nuclear energy. The renewable-hydrogen option may be viable as a supplementary source, but would be very expensive as a large- scale stand-alone option [6, 7]. Conventional low temperature electrolysis coupled to nuclear base-load power can approach economical viability when combined with off-peak power, but the capital cost is high [8]. To achieve higher overall hydrogen C.M. Stoots Idaho National Laboratory Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA X. Zhang Idaho National Laboratory Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA T.L. Cable Praxair Tonawanda, New York, USA A series of 5 cm by 5 cm bi-supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOEC) were produced by NASA for the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and tested under the INL High Temperature Steam Electrolysis program. The results from the experimental demonstration of cell operation for both hydrogen production and operation as fuel cells is presented. An overview of the cell technology, test apparatus and performance analysis is also provided. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW OF THE NASA SOEC CELL TECHNOLOGY There is a growing interest in the development of large-scale non-fossil hydrogen production technologies. This interest is driven by the near-term demand for hydrogen for refining of increasingly low-quality petroleum resources, the expected intermediate-term demand for carbon-neutral synthetic fuels, 1 This work is in part a work of the U.S. Government. ASME disclaims all interest in the U.S. Government’s contributions.PDF Image | Electrolysis Cells Operated Fuel Cell Steam Electrolysis
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