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Figure 10: DC-potential sweeps for initial, mid-term and final stages of long term SOEC operation during test number 2. The effect of operating temperature and inlet dew point upon cell performance in the SOFC mode is demonstrated. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The INL High Temperature Steam Electrolysis laboratory has developed significant test infrastructure in support of single cell and stack performance analyses. An overview of the single cell test apparatus is presented. The test data presented in this paper is representative of a first batch of NASA’s prototypic 5 cm by 5 cm SOEC single cells. Clearly a significant relationship between the operational current density and cell degradation rate is evident. While the performance of these cells was lower than anticipated, in-house testing at NASA Glenn has yielded significantly higher performance and lower degradation rates with subsequent production batches of cells. Current post-test microstructure analyses of the cells tested at INL will be published in a future paper. Modification to cell compositions and cell reduction techniques will be altered in the next series of cells to be delivered to INL with the aim to decrease the cell degradation rate while allowing for higher operational current densities to be sustained. Results from the testing of new batches of single cells will be presented in a future paper. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors of this article wish to thank the United States Department of Energy and the Next Generation Nuclear Plant Program directorate for its sponsorship of this work. REFERENCES [1] C.W. Forsberg, "The Hydrogen Economy is Coming. The Question is Where". Chemical Eng. Progress. (2005) pp. 20- 22. [2] D. Lewis, "Hydrogen and its relationship with nuclear energy". Progress in Nuclear Energy. 50 (2008) 394-401. [3] P. Kruger, "Nuclear Production of Hydrogen as an Appropriate Technology". Nuclear Technology. 166 (2009) 11- 17. [4] C.W. Forsberg, "Future hydrogen markets for large-scale hydrogen production systems". Int. J. Hydrogen Energy. 32 (2007) 431-439. [5] R.B. Duffey, "Nuclear production of hydrogen: When worlds collide". International Journal of Energy Research. 33 (2009) 126-134. [6] M. Granovskii, I. Dincer, M.A. Rosen, "Greenhouse gas emissions reduction by use of wind and solar energies for hydrogen and electricity production: economic factors". Int. J. Hydrogen Energy. 32 (2007) 927-931. [7] D.A.J. Rand, R.M. Dell, "Hydrogen Energy: Challenges and Prospects". Royal Society of Chemistry. (2008). [8] P-H Floch, S. Gabriel, C. Mansilla, F. Werkoff, "On the production of hydrogen via alkaline electrolysis during off-peak periods". Int. J. Hydrogen Energy. 32 (2007) 4641-4647. [9] K.R. Schultz, L.C. Brown, G.E. Besenbruch, C.J. Hamilton, "Large-Scale Production of Hydrogen by Nuclear Energy for the Hydrogen Economy". Report GA-A24265. (2003). [10] J.E. O'Brien, C.M. Stoots, J.S. Herring, J.J. Hartvigsen, "Performance of Planar High-Temperature Electrolysis Stacks for Hydrogen Production from Nuclear Energy". Nuclear Technology. 158 (2007) 118-131. [11] A. Steinfeld, "Solar thermochemical production of hydrogen". Solar Energy. 78 (2005) 603-615. 8PDF Image | Electrolysis Cells Operated Fuel Cell Steam Electrolysis
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