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Electrolysis of molten ionic compounds e.g. molten copper(II) chloride, CuCl2 1) What ions are present ? cathode Cu2+ and Cl- ions 2) At the cathode: • This negatively charged electrode attracts the Cu2+ ions • The cathode gives 2 electrons to each Cu2+ ion • The Cu2+ ions become Cu atoms and are deposited on the Cu2+(l) + 2e- Cu(s) a half-equation 3) At the anode: • This positively charged electrode attracts the Cl- ions • The anode takes 1 electron from each Cl- ion • The Cl- ions become Cl atoms, which bond in pairs as Cl2 • Bubbles of chlorine gas appear at the anode the other half-equation 4) Overall: 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e- copper chloride copper + chlorine CuCl2(l) Cu(s) + Cl2(g)PDF Image | Electrolysis is using an electric current
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