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International Conference on Information Technologies in Business and Industry 2016 IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 803 (2017) 012148 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/803/1/012148 titanium oxides with a titanium base. The main process on the anode is the discharge of chloride: 2Cl− −2e=Cl2. The basic process of the mercury cathode electrolytic cell suitable for the purpose of industrial electrolysis is a bit of sodium ions. Na+ +e(nHg)=Na(Hg)n. As follows from the stoichiometry of chemical reactions and the conservation law of electric charge, when the charge of 1000 Ah (3600C) is passing through the cell, then 1.323 kg of chlorine (Cl), 0.0376 kg of hydrogen (H2), and 1.492 kg of sodium hydroxide solution (NaCl) is released. Thus, the consuption rates of the charge are as follows: - for chlorine КCl= 3.675·10-4kg/C; - for hydrogen КН=1.044·10-5kg/C; - for hydroxide solution КNaOH=4.144·10-4 kg/C. To develop a computer-simulation software to model electrolyzer operations, a mathematical model linking technology parameters, such as current, voltage, temperature, etc. and design parameters of the cellare are required [7-10]. To determine the effect of the design parameters of the cell performance and the cost of electricity, it is necessary to establish the dependence of the electric current on the technological parameters. The electric current between the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell is given by I=enNaυNaS + enClυClS, (1) where nNa, nCl – the concentration of sodium and chloride ions in the electrolyte; υNa, υCl – speed directional motion of the ions; S – anode electrolysis area. Na+ ions are moving to the mercury cathode and Cl- ions are moving to the anodein the electric field between the anode and cathode. To determine υNa speeds, υCl, let us write the equation of motion based on the forces of the electric field and the viscous resistance: m dυNa =eE−F , (2) Na Na dt m dυCl=eE−F , (3) where mNa – solvated mass ion Na; mCl – solvated mass ion Cl; E = U – the electric field d intensity in the gap between the anode and the cathode; U – thepotentialdifference (voltage); d – distance between the anode and the cathode. FNa = 6πμrNaθ+ , FCl = 6πμrClθ− – viscous drag forces when driving solvated ions Na+, Cl-; μ – the dynamic viscosity of the electrolyte; rNa, rCl – characteristic radii of solvated ions; mNa, mCl – mass of solvated ions Radii of solvated ions may be evaluated by: Cl dt Cl epe 11 2 3πε0kTpe 2 pe r ≈r =R = Na Cl C 6πεkT 3 2e 1+ + , (4) 0 2e where e = 1.6·10-19 C - elementary charge; pe - dipole moment of water molecules (H2O); ε0 = 8.86·10-12 F / m - electric constant; k = 1.38·10-23J / K - Boltzmann constant; T – absolute temperature of the electrolyte. Weights of solvated ions may be determined from the following relations: 2PDF Image | electrolysis production of caustic chlorine and hydrogen
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