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Two initial projects were announced in the declaration of intent. First, the “Power-to-X” project proposed by the Moroccan Solar Energy Agency (MASEN) for the production of green hydrogen and the establishment of a research platform for this energy source. The second project covers knowledge transfer, which is one of the core activities of the “Green Hydrogen and Applications” platform from the Research Institute on Solar Energy and New Energies (IRESEN). Morocco and Germany’s plans are to develop the first industrial green gas production plant on the African continent. The industrial hydrogen plant to be built in Morocco is expected to transform the country’s renewable energy sector and thus reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 100 000 tonnes per year. The Netherlands: The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy presented the government strategy on hydrogen in March 2020. With this, the Dutch government has underlined its ambitions to use its unique position to develop a strong position for the country in the hydrogen market. In this strategy document, the Dutch government elaborates on the necessity of developing a clean hydrogen economy, on the role of hydrogen in the energy transition and on its policy agenda in respect of the hydrogen market. The government notes that a completely sustainable energy supply in 2050 requires that at least 30% and up to 50% of final energy consumption be via gaseous energy carriers. Biogas and hydrogen are gaseous energy carriers which can be produced CO2free, but the government notes that there will not be sufficient biogas available, which makes hydrogen indispensable for meeting the expected demand for CO2free gas. The government states that the Netherlands is in a unique position to develop large-scale hydrogen infrastructure, specifically for the port of Rotterdam. Towards 2030, there is a desire from the industry to connect energy related clusters in order to scale-up electrolytic hydrogen production. In consultation with industrial clusters, the government will provide guidance with regard to the precise locations of electrolysers through its Main Energy Infrastructure Programme. Portugal:Portugalhassomeofthebestrenewable resources in the world, setting a record of USD 13.1/MWh for solar in August 2020. As such, the country’s strategy focuses only on green hydrogen. Targets for 2030 include an explicit goal for electrolysers (2GW-2.5GW) and various blending and quotas that can drive demand uptake: 10%-15% blending in the gas grid; 2%-5% green hydrogen for industry; 1%-5% for transport, 3%-5% for shipping and 1.5%-2% in final energy demand. Hydrogen deployment is in line with the broader energy strategy that is part of the National Energy and Climate Plan, although this was issued just before the EU 2030 GHG reduction target was raised from 40% to 55%, which would mean a more ambitious plan is expected in its revision. Deployment is also in line with climate neutrality by 2050. The strategy foresees investments in the order of EUR 7 billion by 2030 (mostly from private capital). There are three phases of implementation: 2020- 2023 for setting up the regulatory framework and the governance system; 2024-2030 as a consolidation phase and project development; 2030-2050 for the growth of the market. Some of the shortterm measures the government will take to fulfil the strategy include: support mechanisms for the production of green hydrogen; financial resource guarantees; and a supportive regulatory framework. Already, in August 2020, hydrogen was included in the guarantees of origin system for renewable gases, as part of these measures. Portugal has also signed a memorandum of understanding with the Netherlands for large-scale trading of hydrogen. The “Green Flamingo” project covers the export from the Port of Sines in Portugal to the Port of Rotterdam in the Netherlands. The project has a size of 1 GW of electrolysis and requires an investment of EUR 57 billion (including the renewable capacity). SCALING UP ELECTROLYSERS TO MEET THE 1.5°C CLIMATE GOAL 25PDF Image | GREEN HYDROGEN SCALING UP ELECTROLYSERS
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