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GREEN HYDROGEN COST REDUCTION For alkaline electrolysers, the same reasoning in reducing the costs of the balance of plant components applies. As illustrated in Figure 20, within the stack, over 50% of the costs relate to electrodes and diaphragms, as opposed to 25% of the cost in the CCM for PEM. Significant cost is associated with manufacturing of the electrodes (E4tech, 2014; NOW, 2018) where learning-by- doing, automatisation of the manufacturing process and economies of scale can play an important role in cost reduction. Bipolar plates for alkaline, however, account for only a small part of stack costs, as opposed to over 50% in the case of PEM, due to a simpler design, simple manufacturing and cheaper materials (nickel- coated steel) for bipolar plates in alkaline stacks. Figure 20. Cost breakdown for 1 MW alkaline electrolyser, moving from full system, to stack, to membrane electrode assembly (MEA). 4% 11% 14% DIaphragm/ Electrode package 72% Manufacturing Diaphragm Nickel based anodes Nickel based cathodes 55% Balance of Plant 22% 8% 14% 45% Alkaline Electrolyser cost breakdown Balance of Plant Stack components 8% 20% 4% 7% 10% Porous Transport Layer (PTLs) Structural layers Small parts (sealing, frames) Bipolar Plates (BPs) Stack assembly and end plates Diaphragm/ Electrode Package 50% Stack 57% Note: The specific breakdown varies by manufacturer, application and location, but values in the figure represent an average. Based on IRENA analysis. Power Supply Deionised Water Circulation Hydrogen Processing Cooling 54PDF Image | GREEN HYDROGEN SCALING UP ELECTROLYSERS
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