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3. STRATEGIES FOR COST REDUCTION: STACK LEVEL GREEN HYDROGEN COST REDUCTION 1 Government support for research programmes is needed to continue improving commercially available technologies and make potential breakthroughs in emerging technologies. The key areas of focus for this research are identified in this section. Given the difference in design and maturity for the different technologies, the use of comparable performance indicators seems to be a suitable approach to guide innovation efforts. These performance indicators, including the long term targets defined in this section, can be used by governments to benchmark performance of funded projects and to set research programme goals. To prevent critical materials from becoming a barrier to scaling up, alkaline systems need to transition to platinum and cobalt free designs. This is already commercially available from some manufacturers today; yet, it has to become a prerequisite for policy support before scaling up manufacturing capacity. For PEM electrolysers, further efforts are needed to reduce the platinum and iridium content by at least one order of magnitude and, if possible, in the future, replace these with more common materials. Titanium is also a significant cost component that should be reduced in use. Although less scarce than other materials, it is still required in significant quantities for current PEM designs. Increasing the facility size can have the largest cost reduction effect on the balance of plant. Yet, facility size is not defined based on cost only, but is also based on the application (e.g. the residential or transport sectors use smaller sizes than industrial applications). Higher cost due to smaller scale can partly be offset by savings in the delivery of the hydrogen, due to on-site production. 56 KEY POINTSPDF Image | GREEN HYDROGEN SCALING UP ELECTROLYSERS
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