GREEN HYDROGEN SCALING UP ELECTROLYSERS

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GREEN HYDROGEN SCALING UP ELECTROLYSERS ( green-hydrogen-scaling-up-electrolysers )

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GREEN HYDROGEN COST REDUCTION 5.2 PROJECT PIPELINE AND EXPECTED Figure 31. (a) Historical and (b) Future (based on announcements and projects) electrolyser capacity. 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 25 FUTURE MANUFACTURING CAPACITY 20 15 10 5 0 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 Note: Only water electrolysis included. Source: IEA TCP With such a challenging background in mind, powertogas demonstration projects of current generation using electrolysis technologies are important. The number of demonstration projects using electrolysers at scale has significantly increased and evolved in recent years (see Figure 31), and most of these for PEM and alkaline electrolysers. In addition, many demo projects have also tackled the hydrogentoefuels route, as a way of increasing the speed of hydrogen’s market penetration, especially for transportation purposes and other important markets. A consortium of seven private companies have also established a target of 25 GW of electrolysers capacity by 2026 aiming to reduce the cost to less than USD 2/kg. This coalition is called Green Hydrogen Catapult and it is part of the Race to Zero Campaign from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 84 Increasing manufacturing capacity at pace is going to be equally important, to avoid bottlenecks in electrolyser supply. To reach an estimated 15TW of installed capacity in 2050,24 a rapid scale up of electrolysis capacity from an estimated 2GW in 2020 to at least 10-60GW/year by 2030 and 70-360 GW/year by 2040 – as estimated in Figure 32 – is required. This necessitates a rapid acceleration in the industrialisation of electrolyser manufacturing. This also has to happen together with development of the necessary, related EPC capacity to design, build and commission such facilities at an increasingly rapid pace. To reach net zero emissions by 2050, nothing less than the upper end of the range will be necessary. 24 As a reference, IRENA’s Transofrming Energy Scenario estimates 1.7 TW in 2050, with a further significant increase necessary in the Deep Decarbonisation Scenario. Cumulative electrolyser capacity (GW) Cumulative electrolyser capacity (GW)

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