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13 Mass Mass Subsystem (kg) Fraction PEC Approach (%) Max Mass Savings (%) Power (kW) Power Frac- tion (%) PEC Ap- proach Max Power Savings (%) Filtration 0.4 Common 0.00025 Common CO2 Collection/ Freeze 53 Common 2.23 33 Common 36 SOE Processor 1.7 Use PEC Device 1 3.7 55 Use PEC Device SOE Recir- culation System 11 Use PEC Device 8 0.187 3 Use PEC 3 Device SOE Device Housing Lightweight materials 13 (reduced thermal tolerance required) 9 O2 Liquefaction and Storage 21 Common 0.6 10 Common Total 100 18% 6.72 100 39% 1.23 173 5.6 34.6 42.7 70 327 Table 2.2: Breakdown of 0.45 kg/hr or 1/5 demonstration SOXE plant (Sanders et al., 2015). continue to increase as the project develops toward a flight demonstration (increasing from 168 W for a 1% demo from initial projections to 300 W for a 0.45% demo at the time this report is going to press.1). This report will focus on exploring several options that address the above challenge. In one option, the approach includes using photovoltaic-powered EC versus direct PEC conversion of the reactants. In the PEC case, two options are discussed: one in which the only feedstock is CO2—referred to as non-aqueous PEC—and the other including a provision to produce CH4 for propellant, leveraging planned resources to harvest water from the Mars regolith and further increase the benefits of such a system. In the case that water is available, the aqueous PEC systems assume the availability of purified water from the Martian surface. The non-aqueous PEC systems produce oxygen and CO without using water as a consumable, but may use water as a solvent for the reactions. The former system is considered first. We note that, for the discussions below, we consider any system in which the energy input is from solar sources to be a "PEC" system. Of course, there are many variants for system-level implementation that can be envisaged, such as (i) Landed photovoltaic power source (e.g., solar array) connected to an electrolysis reactor (with or without battery or similar energy storage device), 1https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/mission/instruments/moxie/, accessed October 2017PDF Image | ISRU Challenge Production of O2 and Fuel from CO2
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