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6. System-Level Considerations The following sections describe various aspects at the system- and sub-system-level considerations for EC- or PEC-based oxygen and fuel generator stations operating on Mars. In some sections, only case-specific applications are considered, e.g., only non-aqueous PEC systems. 6.1 Oxygen Calculations: Needs and Production Of course, oxygen gas is one of the crucial components for the human life support system on Mars. A large amount of oxygen is also required for the propellant combustion in the Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV). In this section, the basic requirements for oxygen production by the non-aqueous PEC device and its comparison to the MOXIE device are discussed. These requirements are based on a mission timeline of 480 days (16 months), excluding 10 months of transit and margin time. Oxygen gas needs to be liquefied to minimize storage volume. Average space crew consumption and accommodation have been defined by various sources, including the ISS program, Environmental Control Systems at JSC, Advanced Exploration System’s Logistics Repurpose and Reuse project, and the Human Spaceflight Architecture Team (HAT). Table 6.1 below summarizes water and oxygen requirements for the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle. According to this data, one crew member will require 0.82 kg of oxygen per day (Drake et al., 2010). The total amount of oxygen needed for 5 people for the 480-days-long Mars mission is equal to 1968 kg. According to the M-WIP (Mars Water ISRU Planning) study by the SMD/Mars Program office, the propellant for the MAV will require 24.6 metric tons of oxygen (Muscatello & Santiago-PDF Image | ISRU Challenge Production of O2 and Fuel from CO2
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