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CHAPTBE II. THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION OF PER-SALTS AND HYDROG-EN PEROXIDE. PERSULPHA TES AND PERSULPHURIO ACID. THE existence of highly oxidised salts of sulphuric acid l was first demonstrated by H. Marshall when investigating the result of electrolysis of solutions of potassium sulphate in well-cooled sulphuric acid. He succeeded in preparing potassium and ammonium persulphates, and he ascribed the formula M2S2O8 to these compounds. The preparation of the persulphates was further studied 2 by K. Elbs in 1893, when he prepared a good yield of the ammonium salt by electrolysing a saturated solution of the sulphate in 1 part of sulphuric acid and 8 parts of water, contained in a porous cell which was immersed in a vessel containing 50 per cent, sulphuric acid. A lead cylinder cathode is employed, and a spiral of platinum dips into the anode ammonium sulphate solution. If the entire cell be cooled by immersion in ice-water and an anode current density of 50 amps, be employed, the persulphate gradually separates in a crystalline form in the anode com- partment. The cathodic sulphuric acid must be renewed 1 2 Trans.Chem. Soc, 1891,59,771. Journ.praht.Ch&ni., 1893,48,185. (17) 2PDF Image | MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICALS BY ELECTROLYSIS
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