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ETDBOSULPHITE 35 that nitrates may be quantitatively reduced to ammonia by electrolysis. In the patent referred to above, the cell described is suitable for the electrolysis of alkali chloride and is of the bell type, but it is particularly suitable for electrolysing alkali nitrate. Pure nitric acid is formed at the anode inside the bell and is removed by distillation, which is effected by working under reduced pressure and by heating the bells with superheated steam. The nitrite which is formed at the cathode is drawn off continuously and separated outside the cell. The cell itself acts as cathode, and the anode is of such size as to almost fill the bell and thus reduce the working space of the electrolyte. High 2 current density (16 amps, per dm. ), reduced pressure and high temperature, are favourable to the distillation of a large amount of concentrated nitric acid. SODIUM HYDBOSULPHITE (HYPOSULPHITE). Many patents have been granted for processes to pre- pare sodium hydrosulphite by the electrolytic reduction of sodium sulphite. The first process was that of P. Spence and Sons in 1903, in which the sulphite was reduced by mixing it with titanium trichloride. The mixture was subsequently poured into caustic soda solution and stable sodium hydro- sulphite formed, whilst the titanium was precipitated as titanic hydroxide Ti(0H)4. This hydroxide was afterwards dissolved in hydrochloric acid and reduced by electrolysis 1 D.R.P. 141452(1903). 1PDF Image | MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICALS BY ELECTROLYSIS
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