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Table 1: Composition of NEW Ingredient CAS-No 7647-14-5 7790-92-3 7681-52-9 7732-18-5 EINICS-No 231-598-3 323-323-5 231-668-3 231-791-2 Wt/Vol % Symbols Free Available Chlorine (FAC) Sodium Chloride Hypochlorous Acid (chlorine) Hypochlorite ion (Sodium Hypochlorite) Water <0.26% NaCl <0.05% Amount HOCl HOCl and OCl- depending OCl ̄ on pH >99.69 H2O 3.2 Electrochemical Activation (ECA) Technology NEW is generated by electrolysis of a dilute NaCl solution passing through an electrolytic cell. This process is known as Electrical Chemical Activation, or ECA technology. ECA technology is based on Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, and was further developed by Russian scientists to combat biological contamination. NEW Technology involves the electrolysis of molten salts. It utilizes electrolytic cells encompassing an anode chamber separated from the cathode chamber by a unidirectional ionic ceramic diaphragm (semi-porous membrane). The electrolytic cell allows migration and separation of ions through a high rejection membrane and substantially limits the production of gaseous chlorine (Cl2). By passing an electrical current through the solution, an electrochemical or oxidation-reduction (Redox) process occurs, generating a number of oxidized species. Figure 1: ECA Technology 3.3 Mechanism of Action An ECA electrolysis process is one in which positive and negative electrodes are submerged in a solute containing positive and negative ions. During this process, two separate streams of activated water are produced: Anolyte and Catholyte. Positive ions (cations) are drawn towards the electron- rich negative cathode, where they receive electrons, forming Catholyte, a negatively charged antioxidant solution. At the positive anode, negative ions (anions) are attracted, which give up their additional electrons to the electron- depleted anode to form Anolyte, a positively charged oxidant solution. The cathode area produces alkaline (high pH) reducing water. The anode area produces acidic (low pH) oxidizing water. In the generation of NEW, part of the negatively charged antioxidant solution formed at the cathode is channeled back into the anode chamber to produce more Anolyte, thus increasing the content of Hypochlorite ions, OCl, one of the active biocidal substances in NEW. By re- introducing the alkaline water back into the acidic water, any pH level up to neutral 7.0 can be created. This solution is called NEW. NEW is an oxidizing agent due to a mixture of free radicals present in the solution, and has an antimicrobial effect. NEW is composed of oxidizing biocides HOCl and OCl-, which are general chemical oxidants. Since NEW consists of both HOCl and OCl- it is believed that the bactericidal action exhibited is due to the combination of these substances. They are not selective for living organisms, but react with any oxidizable matter. They are a bactericidal because certain bacterial cell components can react readily with them, having a higher oxidation potential than most other chemicals present in water. The bacterial cell membrane provides the osmotic barrier for the cell, and allows the active transport of substances into the cell. The bacterial membrane itself has an electrical charge. Alternations in transmembrane potential by the 5|PagePDF Image | Neutral Electrolyzed Water
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