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NSES Science Standards Unifying Concepts and Processes • Evidence, models, and explanation • Change, constancy, and measurement Physical Science • Chemical reactions Science in Personal and Social Perspectives • Science and technology in local, national, and global challenges History and Nature of Science • Science as a human endeavor Problem and Solution Key (One Approach) The ISS is designed for a six-person crew, but until recently, the oxygen supply would only allow for three crew members at a time. In 2007, a new Oxygen Generator System (OGS) was activated in order to increase the ISS crew capacity up to its six person design. The OGS converts water collected from a variety of sources within the ISS (e.g. urine, wastewater, and condensation) into hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) through the process of electrolysis. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is used as an electrolyte creating a solution that is 30% KOH. When a current is then placed on the solution, oxygen and hydrogen are produced. The oxygen is released into the ISS atmosphere and the hydrogen is fed into the Sabatier Reactor, another piece of equipment which combines the H2 with CO2 to create water and methane. The water then feeds back into OGS, completing a regenerative life support cycle on the ISS while the methane is vented into space. Figure 2 depicts this electrolysis process. Figure 2: Diagram depiction of the electrolysis process used in the OGS system in one of multiple electrolytic cells During normal operations on the ISS, approximately 23 liters of water per day is used by the OGS with a constant current of 50. ampere to each electrolytic cell in the OGS system. The temperature on the ISS is 298 K and the atmospheric pressure is 1 atm. As the ETHOS operator in the ISS Mission Control Center, you must understand how the OGS works to perform your job. You must be assured that the crew aboard the ISS is receiving the needed oxygen to breathe and work. Knowing the constraints of the system will help you to be prepared for any unexpected events that would endanger the crew’s safety. www.nasa.gov Oxygen Generator System 3/5PDF Image | OXYGEN GENERATOR SYSTEM
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