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International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, Vol. 4, No. 5, October 2013 bigger [13]. It will increase the amount of compound decomposed to form radical species that then produced the chlorine gas. Nevertheless, the wider area of anode surface will let the zone of electrolysis exists and the electric current will be higher although more products formed. E. The Effect of Membrane Selective Ion Usage in Plasma Electrolysis Process In-situ separation technology using ion selective membranes in chlor-alkali production process is commonly used in the industry. In this study, the use of ion-selective membranes is tested to see its effect on plasma formation and productivity of the process. The purpose of the use of ion-selective membrane is to reduce the potential for adverse reactions that cause the production of chlorine gas is not optimal. In this study, ion selective membrane is installed between the anode and cathode compartments. At the anode compartment contains 0.5 M NaCl solution and the cathode compartment contains distilled water. Different design solutions in both compartments following the existing design in the chlor-alkali industry. This system will make the anode compartment containing NaCl will produce chlorine gas and cathode compartments were filled with water to produce hydrogen gas and a solution of NaOH as shown in Fig. 7. Displacement of the charge on the ion selective membrane is affected by the conductivity of the membrane that is expressed as proton conductivity in the membrane. Charge transfer mechanism (proton) can be explained by the areas contained within the membrane. The first area is the area that is formed from the hydrophobic polymers of fluorocarbons and hydrophilic regions containing sulfonate groups, protons, and hydration water. Between the two regions, there is a central region (intermediate) that has the character of both areas. Hydrophobic fluorocarbon chain and hydrophilic sulfonate group is set to maximize the interaction between the membrane fragments. This led to the formation of the grouping ion hydration in aqueous phase at fluorocarbons area. Research that has been done indicates that proton transfer occurs between groups’ ions (protons) due to proton transfer in the sulfonate group [14]. ion-selective membrane (Nafion ®) is low [14]. This causes the current to be small as shown in Fig. 8. The use of ion-selective membrane may inhibit the transfer of charge from one electrode to the other electrode. This phenomenon resists the plasma to be formed. Based on Fig. 8, the current characteristic does not seem similar to that in plasma electrolysis where there is a point of critical currents and fluctuations thereafter. 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 Fig. 7. Ion movement in ion-selective membrane system In this study, the measured of current flow on ampere-meter are very small. At a concentration of 0.5 M NaCl using reactor without membranes, currents may reach 1-2 A. However, when the membrane is installed, the flow is only in the range of 0,1 - 0,3 A. Resistance of the membrane quite high causes this phenomenon. Research conducted by Slade et al (2002) showed that the conductivity of the Fig. 8. Current change in process with ion-selective membrane system In the Fig. 8, the longer the flow is increasing. On the observations made, the higher the current due to the increase of temperature in the system. Initial temperature was 29oC and gradually increased up to 35-40oC. Along with increasing temperature, conductivity of ion-selective membrane (proton conductivity) increases [8]. This causes the current to increase. However, current and voltage are regulated is not strong enough to create the effect of Joule heating at the anode so that the plasma is not formed and the process is dominated by the electrolysis. IV. CONCLUSION The application of plasma electrolysis can be implemented in the production of chlor-alkali. At the time of the plasma formed, the current will fluctuate and gradually decline. It can reduce the amount of energy consumption because it can run with lower current with the same voltage condition. The higher the concentration and voltage will lead to the increase of production of chlorine gas. Radicalization process will produce active species that can make the reaction mechanism becomes unusual. It will lead to the faster gas product formation process for about 11.25 mmol compared to electrolysis process which is only 0.19 mmol. Furthermore, the anode depth also affects the production of chlorine. The wider the surface area of anode in the solution, the production of chlorine is increase, but the power consumption is also increase. The use of ion-selective membrane can inhibit the transfer of charge from one electrode to the other electrode. This makes the plasma cannot be established. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Directorate General of Higher Education, Ministry of Education Republik Indonesia and Directorate of Research and Community Service Universitas Indonesia supported this work as funding scheme of BOPTN 2013. 269 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Time (Minutes) H+ OH- Kompartemen Katoda Na+ H+ Cl- OH- Kompartemen Anoda H2O NaCl + H2O Current (Ampere)PDF Image | Plasma Electrolysis of Chloralkali Production
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