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Specifically, the liquid coolant technique was selected for the SFWEM because of the following advantages: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Capability to operate at high current densities due to lower concentra- tion gradients within the cell matrix based on the smaller temperature differentials across the cell's active electrode-matrix surface. Low equivalent weight due to the lower heat rejection penalties associ- ated with rejecting waste heat to the spacecraft' 4 iquid coolant system rather than ambient air. Previous studies have shown this to become significant at cell voltages greater than 1.75 volts (as resulting from high current densities). Elimination for need of backup cooling methods to protect against cabin decompression, i.e., total lack or reduced availability of cooling air. Lower system volume due to the elimination of the external fins, module cooling shrouds and associated air distribution plenums and ducting (liquid lines and connections are smaller). Lower module weight due to the elimination of metallic external fins and decreased thickness in metallic current collectors dictated by electrical rather than thermal conduction. This is especially true since nickel-plating of high conductivity copper current collector/fins used on past static feed water electrolysis modules is considered undesirable for spacecraft application. A nickel current for air cooling would require four times the thickness of heavy nickel-plated type for equal temperature gradients. Increased module performance, i.e., lower voltages, hence requirement for a given current density due to uniformity optimization of cell electrolyte concentration. collector/fin an already lower power in and Reduced noise levels since liquid prime movers have, in general, lower noise levels than open loop air prime movers. Process Descriptions Basically, two major processes occur within a SFWEM. The first is the electro- chemical process of water electrolysis in an alkaline electrolyte while the second process is the static addition of water to the module and diffusion to the electrolysis site. Electrochemical Process The electrochemical process of water electrolysis occurs within the cell's anode-cell matrix-cathode composite assembly. 7 ie Sstems, iHc.PDF Image | WATER ELECTROLYSIS MODULE
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