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Large H2 compartment thickness increased the water vapor diffusion path length, hence the diffusion resistance of water vapor from the feed matrix to the cell matrix. Inadequate isolation of all metallic parts from the aqueous elec- trolyte contributed to gassing problems through stray electrolysis.(7 ) Introduction of individual cell heaters to force an increase in water distillation rate decreased overall system efficiency and presente, 8) sources for potential stray electrolysis and cell frame failures. Unitized cell construction (bonded successive plastic frames) exhibited short operating life (leakage(h 9ugh the bonded surfaces at the end of a six-month test program). Electrolyte bridging between cell and feed matrices due to improper pressure differentials between the H2 and the feed water resulted in increased potential for stray electrolysis(6d9rease in current effi- ciency and maldistribution of electrolyte. Improper matrix thickness selection to provide for an adequate electro -?-cell-matrix thickness ratio limited current density ranges. Elimination of Condenser/Separators was designed to operate at conditions that minimized the water vapor content in the product gases. To eliminate the need for condenser/separators, the gases must be delivered from the SFWES at a dew point below 287K (57F), typically considered maximum for a spacecraft atmosphere. The dew points of the product exhaust gases are determined by the water vapor pressure in the gases. A dew point of 287K (57F), for example, corresponds to a water vapor pressure of 1.60 kN/m (12 mm Hg). This partial water vapor pressure level could be attained directly within the module itself, but would mean opera- tion at the very low temperature of 301K (82F), resulting in poor module perfor- mance and current density limitations due to a low water feed driving force. Low product gas dew points, however, can also be obtained by gas expansion or by a combination of gas expansion and the use-of a Dehumidifier Module (DM). The latter removes water vapor electrolytically from the product gases forming additional 02 and H2 in the respective gas passages. A detailed description of the DM development activities performed under this program is presented later. Reducing the total gas pressure by a fixed ratio results in an equal ratio reduction in the partial water vapor pressure of the product gases. Figure 2 shows product gas dew points as a function of total operating pressure for various operating temperatures, electrolyte concentrations and cabin atmosphere 13 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. The SFWEM Li/c Sstcms. nc.PDF Image | WATER ELECTROLYSIS MODULE
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