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Pressure Control. The SFWEM was designed to operate with the 02 pressure above H2 pressure and with the H pressure above that of the fluid in the water feed cavities. These pressure ifferentials were required to prevent H2 compartment flooding and to minimize the potential of H2 leakage into the 02 compartment. Pressure control of the module fluids was accomplished as follows (see Figure 15). The manually-adjustable pressure regulator (PR3) established the feed water pressure. This pressure was transmitted to the water via 02 in the water accumulator. This same water pressure level was used as a reference pressure for both regulators PR1 and PR2 to establish the H2 pressure differential and 02 pressure differential above that of the water. Thermal Control. Thermal control of the module was achieved by circulating water through the individual coolant cavities of each cell of the SFWEM. A high flow of coolant was maintained to achieve a small temperature rise (1.7K (3F) nominal) in the coolant to minimize thermal gradients. The heat was rejected in a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger by circulating a portion of the module coolant through the heat exchanger. This heat exchanger interfaced with the laboratory's coolant supply. An accumulator (Al) in the coolant loop provided for thermal expansion of the coolant fluid. Feed Water Addition. Process water was supplied from the laboratory water supply. During operation, water was statically added from the pressure referenced accumulator to the SFWEM. This water accumulator was divided into a liquid and a gas compartment by a flexible diaphragm. The accumulator was automatically filled at fixed time intervals. The refilling time interval was based on the highest water consumption rate. During refilling of the accumulator, the module current was automatically reduced 85% to prevent the water feed compartment pressure from decreasing below tolerable levels. Nitrogen Purge. Both the 0 and N2 compartments of each cell were capable of being purged with N2 . The ilow of the N2 was regulated by orifices upstream of the SFWEM. Purging was initiated during a shutdown sequence after the SFWEM had attained ambient pressure levels. A N2 supply source of 30 psig was required. The flushing of both the 02,and H2 from the compartments was not only a safety feature but also prevented module pressure from going sub-atmospheric due to chemical recombination of the two gases after module shutdown or isolation. Optional Operating Modes. Two optional operating modes were provided. They are operation with condenser/separators and operation with cyclic or continuous circulation of the fluid in the cells' water feed cavities. The two modes were used during design testing at conditions where condenser/separators are needed and to identify and quantify the possible presence of gases in the water feed. The condenser/separators could be connected to the product gas lines by opening two hand valves and closing one other hand valve for each product gas line. The liquid circulating loop interfaced with the manifolds of the SFWEM that connects to the water feed cavity's inlets and outlets. The circulating loop fluid could be preheated and its pressure regulated to match the SFWEM's operating 39 zilc Sstems, 4NC.PDF Image | WATER ELECTROLYSIS MODULE
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