PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 009
Copyright © Tarek Kakhia. All rights reserved. http://tarek.kakhia.org Furthermore, electrolysis of fused chloride salts ( Downs process ) also enables chlorine to be produced, in this case as a by - product of the manufacture of metallic sodium or magnesium. 5 . 2 . Other methods Before electrolytic methods were used for chlorine production, the direct oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen or air was exercised in the Deacon process : 4 H Cl + O2 → 2 Cl2 + 2 H2O This reaction is accomplished with the use of copper ( II ) chloride ( Cu Cl2 ) as a catalyst and is performed at high temperature ( about 400 °C ) . The amount of extracted chlorine is approximately 80 %. Due to the extremely corrosive reaction mixture, industrial use of this method is difficult and several pilot trials failed in the past. Nevertheless, recent developments are promising. Recently Sumitomo patented a catalyst for the Deacon process using ruthenium ( IV ) oxide ( Ru O2 ) . Another earlier process to produce chlorine was to heat brine with acid and manganese dioxide . 2 NaCl + 2 H2SO4 + MnO2 → Na2SO4 + MnSO4 + 2 H2O + Cl2 Using this process, chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele was the first to isolate chlorine in a laboratory. The manganese can be recovered by the Weldon process . In the latter half of the 19th century, prior to the adoption of electrolytic methods of chlorine production, there was substantial production of chlorine by these reactions to meet demand for bleach and bleaching powder for use by textile industries; by the 1880s the UK, as well as supporting its own ( then not inconsiderable ) domestic textile production was exporting 70,000 tons per year of bleaching powder . This demand was met by capturing hydrochloric acid driven off as a gas during the production of alkali by the Leblanc process, oxidizing this to chlorine ( originally by reaction with manganese 9PDF Image | Chlorine Characteristics
PDF Search Title:
Chlorine CharacteristicsOriginal File Name Searched:
Chlorine_17.Tarek_Kakhia.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Salgenx Redox Flow Battery Technology: Power up your energy storage game with Salgenx Salt Water Battery. With its advanced technology, the flow battery provides reliable, scalable, and sustainable energy storage for utility-scale projects. Upgrade to a Salgenx flow battery today and take control of your energy future.
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@salgenx.com (Standard Web Page)