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INTRODUCTION Section 23 TESTING OF THE 20kWh BATTERY SYSTEM The 20kWh battery was constructed under RP226-2. The engineering and design specifi cations, assembly, and initial battery testing are reported in the 1976 Final Report (23-1). The following is a brief review of the initial battery operations. • During December 1976, operation of the stack with cylinder chlorine for discharge resulted in a delivered energy which exceeded 19kWh. The average energy efficiency was 64%. • Coupling of the stack and store during December and January was considered unwise due to the hydrogen generation found during discharge. • The hydrogen generation was thought to be related to the potassium chloride employed in the preparation of the electrolyte. • After resolution of the hydrogen problem, the stack and store were coupled and the battery was run as a system. m At this point, dendrites appeared. A full charge could not be put on the battery, as dendrites appeared between the second and fourth hour of the desired five-hour charge. • The dendrites were found not to be associated with the bulk of the zinc plate, but rather with the plate edges. This suggested that the problem was related to electrode alignment or electrode masking. • During the month of May, the ten consecutive cycles required by contract were obtained. The delivered energy averaged 15kWh at an electrochemical energy efficiency of 60%. In June, 1977, the 20kWh battery was handed over to the stack-development group. The primary purpose of this assignment was to increase an understanding of the important factors in battery-stack design. These factors include cell imbalance, parasitic currents, electrode masking and alignment, electrolyte-flow distribution, corrosion couples, and dendrites. 23-1PDF Image | Development of the Zinc-Chlorine Battery for Utility
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