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INTRODUCTION Section 24 TESTING OF THE 8.3kWh SUBMODULE The 8.3kWh submodule is a complete battery stack and forms a basic building block of the present full-size 45/50kWh integrated battery module being developed for load-levelinguseatEDA. Athoroughunderstandingoftheoperatingcharacteristics of this submodule is needed to upgrade the design and performance of the larger sys tem. This test program was undertaken to develop such understanding. It also was planned to run concurrently with initial testing of the 45kWh integrated battery. In this way it provided a means of screening the submodules used to assemble the large unit and served to supplement the data obtained during full system tests. An operating 8.3kWh system also provides an important link between the full battery and single cells. The electrochemical efficiency of ZnCl^ batteries depends considerably on the condi tions of temperature, pressure, and current density under which it is operated. Also, of course, the electrolyte composition including salts, additives, pH, and dissolved chlorine concentrations are important. Of these parameters, the concentration of dissolved chlorine in the electrolyte theoretically exerts a primary influence on coulombic efficiency. Voltaic efficiency, on the other hand, depends primarily on the activity of the chlorine electrode and on the resistivity of the electrolyte. The morphology of the zinc plated-out during charge is markedly influenced by elec trolyte composition as well as current and time parameters. Optimization of the electrochemical energy efficiency of a battery requires selection of operating con ditions and electrolyte composition which combine high coulombic and high voltaic efficiencies while allowing dendrite-free full-charge capacity. 24-1PDF Image | Development of the Zinc-Chlorine Battery for Utility
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