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removal rates were evaluated using only the rotating zinc electrode. This was done by placing a preplated rotating electrode into an electrolyte containing three tracer impurities, and adjusting the rotational speed to the desired value. _Eor easily reduced elements, simple displacement reactions occur at the zinc surface and the removal rates depend on both diffusion and agitation. The removal rate was determined by analyzing the solutions at appropriate time inter vals. The results, shown in Table 37-1, indicate an essentially linear relation ship exists between the removal rate and the rotational speed. The removal rates fit the equation C = C e—kt as shown in Figure 37-2, and the half lives, t . , O in Table 37-1, have been derived from the impurity-removal curves. Table 37-1 IMPURITY REMOVAL RATES AS A FUNCTION OF ROTATIONAL SPEED -2 rpm t^ ,„ (minutes) rpm x t^ /0 x 10 350 12 ± 1 42 500 9+1 45 750 6±1 45 Coulombic Efficiency Tests -L/ Z The cell shown in Figure 37-1 may be series-connected to other cells to perform multi ple tests simultaneously. The test results in Table 37-2 were obtained by using three cells in series to produce triplicate results. The tests were performed at 2 room temperature with an applied current density of about 35mA/cm . All tests were conducted using a 2-molar zinc chloride solution. The pH was allowed to vary con siderably and the rotational speed of the electrode was 10-30 rpm. The coulombic efficiencies in Table 37-2 were determined by electrogravimetry. That is, the theoretical weight of zinc deposited was determined by the ampere- hours of charge, and the actual weight of the zinc deposit was determined by weigh ing. Inefficiencies in the zinc deposition would be primarily due to hydrogen evo lution. Under the test conditions,the pH of the electrolyte has no effect on the coulombic efficiency. The results in Table 37-2 indicate the coulombic efficiency 37-3PDF Image | Development of the Zinc-Chlorine Battery for Utility
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