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International Conference on Chemical Innovation (ICCI 2021) IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2266 (2022) 012004 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2266/1/012004 [2,3]. HOCl is the primary antibacterial agent in sanitizers and disinfectants, and it is approved for use against SARS-CoV-2 by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under regulation [4]. Alkaline EW, acidic EW, and neutralized EW are the three different types of EW that can be produced. However, acidic EW, as illustrated in Figure 1 for the process diagram [3,5], is the most used and studied type. The electrode voltage is usually set between 9 and 10 volts [6]. Sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolved in deionized water (brine) breaks down into negatively charged chloride (Cl-) and positively charged sodium (Na+) during electrolysis. Hydroxide (OH-) and hydrogen (H+) ions are generated at the same time. Ions with a negative charge, such as Cl- and OH-, lose electrons at the anode, forming oxygen gas (O2), chlorine gas (Cl2), hypochlorite ion (OCl-), hypochlorous acid (HOCl), and hydrochloric acid (HCl). Meanwhile, ions with a positive charge, H+ and Na+ travel to the cathode to generate hydrogen gas (H2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Figure 1. Schematic of HOCl generator Figure 2. pH profile for reactive chlorine The pH of a solution determines the amount of HOCl and hypochlorite ion (OCl). Between pH 5 and 7, HOCl is the most predominant species found. The concentration of HOCl is optimum and dissociation is minimal within this pH range. Figure 2 shows that at higher pH, OCl- is generated, but at lower pH, the solution is a mixture of chlorine (Cl2) and HOCl in solution. On the market, there are various EW- producing instruments that can be divided into two types. The first type is an electrolyzer with a membrane that produces acidic and basic EW, known as two cell chambers, whereas the second type is an electrolyzer without a membrane that produces neutral EW, known as single cell chambers [5]. The 2PDF Image | Electrolysis Study Effect on Electrolyzed Water
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