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International Conference on Chemical Innovation (ICCI 2021) IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2266 (2022) 012004 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2266/1/012004 2. Methodology 2.1 Equipment and materials The electrolysis unit, which included a DC power source, beaker, three types of electrodes (carbon, titanium, and graphite), ammeter and wires to complete the circuit, analytical balance, and stirrer, was the main equipment used in this research project. Ordinary table salt (NaCl), tap water, vinegar, pH paper, and an active chlorine test strip were used in this research study to conduct the electrolysis procedure. 2.2 Studied parameters Starting with 0.5 grams of mass, the amount of NaCl was weighed using an analytical balance. The electrolyte was then fully dissolved in 1 liter of tap water or in a beaker. In the electrolyte, a selected carbon electrode was inserted. An ammeter was added to the circuit to measure the electric current during the electrolysis. During the electrolysis, a 12 V DC current was applied for 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 minutes. Using pH paper and an active chlorine test strip, the concentration of HOCl and pH were determined every 12 minutes. The experiment was repeated with 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 grams of NaCl on the same carbon electrode to determine the mass that yielded the highest concentration of HOCl After that, the same approach was used to test the selected mass of NaCl for another two electrodes, titanium, and graphite. 2.3 Bacteria growth test Six samples were made by combining various amounts of HOCl with drain water and bacteria food to see if there was a significant variation in metal concentrations. For the six samples, the amount of HOCI added was 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 12 ml, with a constant volume of 2.5 ml drain water and 2.5 ml bacteria food. For bacteria growth, the samples were incubated at 35°C for 24 hours. All of the samples were tested for transmittance using a Shimadzu uv-vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 600 nm after 24 hours. The distilled water and bacteria food served as a blank for the UV-vis spectrophotometer measurements. The Optical Density 600 (OD 600) method was used to measure bacteria growth since the wavelength of 600 nm causes the least amount of damage to bacteria development. Because of the reflection of a dense bacteria population, bacteria growth increased as transmittance increased. 3. Results and discussion 3.1 The effect of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) amount on HOCl production during electrolysis To determine the effect of sodium chloride quantity on HOCl concentration during electrolysis, a series of experiments were carried out. The reference base for the sanitizer concentration range is 50 ppm to 200 ppm, whereas the disinfection concentration range is 500 ppm to 800 ppm, according to the active chlorine test strip used. Table 1 shows the results of electrolysis of HOCl concentration, pH, and current with a carbon type electrode in 1 liter of tap water at different NaCl mass concentrations. Since the NaCl concentration was so low, no HOCl was generated during the electrolysis for 0.5 grams of NaCl. Because of the slight difference in standard oxidation potentials, H2O is favored to be oxidized at the anode to produce O2. H2O's standard oxidation potential is -1.36 V, while Cl-'s standard oxidation potential is -1.23 V. Meanwhile, after 60 minutes of electrolysis, the concentration of HOCl measured by a chlorine test strip ranged from 25 to 50 ppm, which was sufficient for the oxidation of Cl- into free Cl2 at the anode to generate HOCl sanitizer with a minimum concentration of 50 ppm. The concentration of HOCl at 10 g of NaCl was initially 50 ppm at 12 minutes till 24 minutes, then increased to 200 ppm after 36 minutes, indicating that it was suitable for sanitizing. According to recent studies, pure non-iodized table salt was mixed with distilled water at a rate of 2 grams per liter to form a 0.2% salt solution, to which 5 milliliters of distilled white vinegar were added to produce HOCl in the 100ppm range [1]. Lower NaCl concentrations will minimize the amount of HOCl produced [4]. 4PDF Image | Electrolysis Study Effect on Electrolyzed Water
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