Energy use and energy intensity

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Energy use and energy intensity ( energy-use-and-energy-intensity )

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Table 1. Primary Energy Use (excluding feedstocks), Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions from Energy Use, and Value Added for U.S. Chemicals and U.S. Manufacturing in 1994. Source: EIA (1997); EIA (1996); BOC (1998). Sector Chemicals (SIC 28) Manufacturing total Share of SIC 28 to Total Manufacturing Primary Energy (Tbtu) 5,141 26,047 20% CO2 Emissions (MtC) 77 398 19% Value Added (Billion $1992) 172 1,570 11% 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 Carbon Dioxide Emissions Value Added 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Figure 1. Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Energy Use, and Value Added for U.S. Chemicals, 1985-1994. Source: EIA (1997); EIA (1996); EIA (1994); EIA (1991); EIA (1988) BOC (1998). The U.S. Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey provides energy consumption information for selected chemicals subsectors. The subsectors that accounted for the largest share of primary energy (see also Figure 2 and Table 2) in 1994 were: industrial organic chemicals not elsewhere classified (SIC 2869), industrial inorganic chemicals not elswhere classified (SIC 2819), plastic materials and resins (SIC 2821), and nitrogenous fertilizers (SIC 2873), industrial gases (SIC 2813) and alkalies and chlorine (SIC 2812). With the exception of plastics and resins, the primary energy requirements associated the production of one dollar of shipped product are three to nine times greater than for the average of the chemicals sector as a whole. This demonstrates that there are several highly energy-intensive production processes within these subsectors that are often used to produce intermediate chemicals. These subsectors will be described in greater detail below. 2 1

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