GREEN HYDROGEN SCALING UP ELECTROLYSERS

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GREEN HYDROGEN SCALING UP ELECTROLYSERS ( green-hydrogen-scaling-up-electrolysers )

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GREEN HYDROGEN COST REDUCTION hydrogen for fuel cell applications and high output pressure. Normally, numbers for system costs include not only cell stack, but also balance of stacks, power rectifiers, the hydrogen purification system, water supply and purification, cooling and commissioning – yet exclude shipping, civil works and site preparations. Notably, the numbers for 2020 are cost estimates for a system ordered in 2020, representing the lowest value the price can be (on the limit of zero profit). As the market scales up rapidly, in the initial phase, the investment in manufacturing facilities must be recovered, therefore the gap between cost and price is currently higher than in 10 or 20 years from now. As a reference, an estimated investment of EUR 45-69 million is required for each GW of manufacturing capacity (Cihlar et al., 2020). Table ES1. Key performance indicators for four electrolyser technologies today and in 2050. Cell pressure [bara] Efficiency (system) [kWh/KgH2] Lifetime [thousand hours] Capital costs estimate for large stacks (stack-only, > 1 MW) [USD/kWel] Capital cost range estimate for the entire system, >10 MW [USD/kWel] Note: PEM = Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (commercial technology); AEM = Anion Exchange Membrane (lab-scale today); SOEC = Solid Oxide Electrolysers (lab-scale today). Based on IRENA analysis. 2020 2050 Alkaline PEM AEM SOEC Alkaline PEM AEM SOEC < 30 < 70 < 35 < 10 > 70 > 70 > 70 > 20 50-78 50-83 57-69 45-55 < 45 < 45 < 45 < 40 60 50-80 >5 < 20 100 100-120 100 80 270 400 - > 2 000 < 100 < 100 < 100 < 200 500- 1 000 700- 1 400 - - < 200 < 200 < 200 < 300 12

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