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PBODUCTION OF PEE-SALTS AND HYDKOGKEN PEROXIDE 19 an undivided cell, using chromate in the electrolyte in order to retard the cathodic reduction of the persulphate. 2 A current density of 50 amps, per dm, was employed. Only 30 per cent, of potassium salt was obtained, but as much as 80 per cent, of ammonium persulphate was formed, provided the ammonia liberated in the cathode compart- ment during the process was neutralised from time to time. x It was then shown by M. G-.Levi that the yield is not diminished by allowing the temperature to rise as high as 30° C, and is almost independent of the cathode material used, but he found that a new smooth platinum anode gives a better yield than an old one whicK has a somewhat rough surface. A patent process of 1904 claimed the use of an undivided cell with the addition of hydrofluoric acid, 2 under which circumstances E. Miiller had shown that the yield of potassium persulphate was equal to that of the am- monium salt. This rendered possible the direct production of the potassium salt without relying on the intermediate formation of ammonium persulphate and subsequent de- composition with potassium chloride. Platinum electrodes are used, and the increased yield is related in some way to the increased anode potential caused by the presence of fluoride. 8 Further work by E. Miiller on the production of per- sulphuric acid indicated that permonosulphuric acid or 1 Zeitsch.Elektrochem., 1903,9,427. 2 Ibid.1904,10, 776; D.ft.P. 155805. -'Ibid. 1907,13, 257; 1912,18, 752.PDF Image | MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICALS BY ELECTROLYSIS
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