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52 THE MANUrACTUEE OF CHEMICALS BY ELECTKOLYSIS 1 by Byers and Walter, and other valuable contributions to our knowledge of this subject have been recently made, which render important aid in the study of a process of which little is known at the present time, although its industrial importance is considerable. The term electro-osmosis refers to the passage of a liquid through a membrane during electrolysis. The flow of liquid through this membrane which separates anode from cathode depends upon current strength, the resistance of the liquid, and the thickness and porosity of the membrane. 2 Cohen has shown that during electro-osmosis both liquid and diaphragm become electrically charged with charges of opposite sign. 3 According to Bancroft, the charge on the diaphragm, which controls the direction of the osmotic flow, depends upon the relative adsorption of anions and cathions, being positive if cathions are adsorbed to a greater extent than 4 anions. The same view is held by T. E. Briggs, who has recently contributed an important paper on this subject. 1 2 3 4 J".Amer. Ohem. Soc.y 1914,36,2284. Wiedemann's Awnalen, 1898, 64, 217. Trans.Amer. EUcfrocfiem., 1912,21,233. J. Physical OJiem.t 1917,21,198.PDF Image | MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICALS BY ELECTROLYSIS
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