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WEFTEC®.06 Electrolytic cells may be designed having monopolar or bipolar electrode configurations. Each of these design configurations are discussed below. A monopolar cell consists of an anode (direct current positively charged member) and cathode (direct current negatively charged member) each joined to the power source by a separate power connection. These electrodes are separated by a space that allows the salt solution to flow between the plates for electrolysis to occur. Multiple electrodes may be connected to a common input connection in a parallel configuration within each electrolyzer assembly. Each electrode set polarity is the defined by its' connection polarity, anodes only on the positive connection and cathodes only on the negative connection. Bipolar electrodes differ from those discussed above in that each electrode will serve as both an anode and a cathode. The bipolar cell design will have terminal electrodes for the positive and negative power input points and interstitial bipolar electrodes. Direct current is delivered to the positive DSA coated terminal electrode face, emitted from that electrode face through the brine solution, is received on the cathode face of the adjacent plate and passes through the plate to the anode face of the same electrode. Each electrode has a DSA coated portion and a non-DSA coated portion. Current flow through the cell proceeds alternately through each bipolar electrode set in the cell to the non-DSA coated cathodic terminal electrode. Typical cell configurations are shown in Figure 3 below. Cell designs are divided into many basic categories as follows: Flat plate type bipolar cells that utilize a ‘filter press’ configuration wherein one face of each electrode is anodic and the other face cathodic. Flat plate bipolar arrangements in an FRP, PVC or Acrylic tube/pipe having individual compartments within the cell and a terminal electrode set for each DC power connection. Flat plate monopolar arrangements in a rectangular Rubber lined steel, FRP, PVC or Polypropylene body having electrode connections from one side to allow connection to both the positive and negative DC power connections. Tubular bipolar arrangements of Titanium. In this cell, the inner tube is bipolar and the outer tubes are monopolar. The bipolar tube is half coated half non-coated. An opposite polarity monopolar outer tube mate to each bipolar section is where the DC power is connected to the cell. Cell performance is defined as the power efficiency to produce one pound (kilogram) of chlorine equivalent. This performance is controlled by several variables; seawater salt content, seawater temperature, seawater flow rate, anode coating, cathode type, cell current density, and the number of cells connected in series hydraulically. Because most cells today use very similar anode coatings and cathode types, the dominant variables affecting performance, in order of importance, are; number of cells in series, cell operating current density and feed temperature. Copyright ©2006 Water Environment Foundation. All Rights Reserved 6338PDF Image | On-Site Sodium Hypochlorite Generation
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