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Membranes 2022, 12, 602 11 of 18 and a high percolation threshold. The cross-section of the membrane confirms these last two points. Furthermore, several studies have shown that the ceramic/PTFE blend provides a porous structure composed of nodes connected by fibrils as revealed in the SEM images of our membrane. Similarly, Bousbih et al. [30] reported that the formation of a porous structure is due to the penetration of PTFE polymer between the ceramic layers. Figure 5. SEM images of the surface and cross-section of our prepared BN/PTFE membrane. Figure 5. SEM images of the surface and cross-section of our prepared BN/PTFE membrane. 3.3.2. Thermal Stability 3.3.2. Thermal Stability The thermal properties of boron nitride and BN/PTFE membrane have been inves- The thermal properties of boron nitride and BN/PTFE membrane have been investi- tigated using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in argon atmosphere. The following gated using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in argon atmosphere. The following ther- thermograms are presented in Figure 6. The TGA curve of BN ceramic material shows that mograms are presented in Figure 6. The TGA curve of BN ceramic material shows that there is no change in its weight, which confirms its exceptional thermal stability. However, there is no change in its weight, which confirms its exceptional thermal stability. How- the TGA and DTG curves for the membrane show three main waves, indicating successive ever, the TGA and DTG curves for the membrane show three main waves, indicating suc- degradation. Weight loss between room temperature and 120 ◦C is easily attributed to cessive degradation. Weight loss between room temperature and 120 °C is easily at- the residual solvent (water and ethanol) evaporation. The temperature at which polymer tributed to the residual solvent (water and ethanol) evaporation. The temperature at degradation started (Tonset) and the maximum rate degradation temperature (Tmax) of this which polymer degradation started (Tonset) and the maximum rate degradation tempera- crucial step were about 333 ◦C and 540 ◦C, respectively. Weight loss at these temperatures ture (Tmax) of this crucial step were about 333 °C and 540 °C, respectively. Weight loss at might be due to the degradation of the PTFE polymer, starting with the short PTFE chains. these temperatures might be due to the degradation of the PTFE polymer, starting with Pan et al. [31] confirmed that pure PTFE degradation occurs between 500 ◦C and 600 ◦C. the short PTFE chains. Pan and al. [31] confirmed that pure PTFE degradation occurs be- They reported that filler insertion does not alter the thermal degradation mechanism of tween 500 °C and 600 °C. They reported that filler insertion does not alter the thermal the PTFE matrix. Thus, we can conclude that our composite membrane exhibits a high degradation mechanism of the PTFE matrix. Thus, we can conclude that our composite thermal stability since the greatest mass loss occurs only at high temperatures compared to non-fluorinated polymer-based membranes.PDF Image | Zero Gap Electrolysis Cell for Producing Bleach
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