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Membranes 2022, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 12 of 19 Membranes 2022, 12, 602 12 of 18 membrane exhibits a high thermal stability since the greatest mass loss occurs only at high temperatures compared to non-fluorinated polymer-based membranes. Figure 6.. TGA analysis of boron nitriide (BN) and BN/PTFE membrane. 3.3.3. Mechanical Properties 3.3.3. Mechanical Properties The stress–strain curve of composite membranes is obtained by applying a tensile The stress–strain curve of composite membranes is obtained by applying a tensile force at a uniform rate and constant temperature. The profiles of the stress–strain curve force at a uniform rate and constant temperature. The profiles of the stress–strain curve are strongly influenced by the type of polymer, the filler used, and their ratio to the matrix. are strongly influenced by the type of polymer, the filler used, and their ratio to the matrix. The curve gives information on Young’s modulus, yield strength, breaking point, and The curve gives information on Young’s modulus, yield strength, breaking point, and elongation at break. The corresponding Young values and tensile strength to break ratio are elongation at break. The corresponding Young values and tensile strength to break ratio illustrated in Figure 7. From the results, we can see that the tensile strength of our BN/PTFE are illustrated in Figure 7. From the results, we can see that the tensile strength of our membrane is 0.053 MPa with a Young’s modulus of 3.68 MPa and elongation at break of BN/PTFE membrane is 0.053 MPa with a Young’s modulus of 3.68 MPa and elongation at 110%. However, the deformation of the composite membrane is still lower than that of the break of 110%. However, the deformation of the composite membrane is still lower than pure PTFE film, as reported by Cao et al. [32]. This phenomenon might be explained by the that of the pure PTFE film, as reported by Cao et al. [32]. This phenomenon might be ex- fact that the bonding effect of BN to PTFE was weaker than the effect of BN adding on the plained by the fact that the bonding effect of BN to PTFE was weaker than the effect of BN decrease of intermolecular forces in PTFE. Moreover, comparing our membrane with the adding on the decrease of intermolecular forces in PTFE. Moreover, comparing our mem- commercial Nafion®117 membrane, as shown in Figure 7, we remark that the elongation at brane with the commercial Nafion®117 membrane, as shown in Figure 7, we remark that break of Nafion®117 is high compared to our membrane. This can be attributed to the low the elongation at break of Nafion®117 is high compared to our membrane. This can be amount of PTFE polymer introduced in the composite membrane BN/PTFE. Mechanically, Membranes 2022, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 13 of 19 attributed to the low amount of PTFE polymer introduced in the composite membrane our membrane is quite malleable and does not create strong stresses in the cell due to BN/PTFE. Mechanically, our membrane is quite malleable and does not create strong dimensional variations caused by swelling phenomena. stresses in the cell due to dimensional variations caused by swelling phenomena. ®® Figure 7. RReeppreresesnentattaitviveestsrtersess–ss–tsrtarianincucruvrevoefoBfNB/NPT/FPETFanEdaNndafNioanfi1o1n7 m11e7mmbreamnbesrantersooamt roteom- perature. temperature. These obtained results are in agreement with the study developed by Huang et al. [33] who showed that the prepared BN-SPEEK/PTFE reinforced membranes show increas- ing resistance with the amount of BN. This effect was due to the fact that BN has a solitary electron pair and can produce “acid–base” pairs with the sulfonic acid groups existing inPDF Image | Zero Gap Electrolysis Cell for Producing Bleach
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