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22 THE MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICALS BY ELECTEOLYSIS The anode is fixed axially in the cylinder, and is surrounded by a diaphragm of asbestos. A certain amount of oxygen is discharged during elec- trolysis, and separated from the solution of hydrogen per- oxide. x According to another recent patent monium persulphate can be obtained in a special cell with a platinum anode and a cathode of zinc-aluminium alloy. PEECAEBONATE of potassium was first prepared by 2 E, J. Constam and A. V. Hansen in 1896 by employing a divided cell, similar to that used for preparing ammonium persulphate, fitted with platinum electrodes. The electrolyte was a concentrated solution of potassium carbonate which occupied anode and cathode compart- ments. At first oxygen was evolved plentifully at the anode, but as the temperature was lowered this evolution diminished and at - 10° C. ceased, whilst a pale blue amorphous solid separated out. This solid proved to be percarbonate of potassium K2C2O6, and was apparently formed in a similar manner to the persulphates by com- bination of the anions KC0'3 discharged under the influence of high anodic current density at a low tempera- ture, 2KCO3 = K2O2O6. 3 It was further shown by Hansen that the temperature may rise to 0° C. without diminishing the yield, provided the density of the carbonate solution, in the neighbourhood of the anode, does not fall below T52. If the current 12 D.B.P.276985(1914). Zeitsch.Elektrochem.t 1896,3,137. ., 1897,3,445. a good yield of am-PDF Image | MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICALS BY ELECTROLYSIS
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