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68 THE MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICALS BY ELECTROLYSIS in 20 per cent, sulphuric acid in the presence of vanadic acid. 1 VANILLIN can be formed by electrolytic oxidation of the sodium salt of iso-eugenol. According to the process of F. von Heyden Nchfg. a 15 per cent, alkaline solution of the sodium salt forms the anolyte, and the cathode com- partment is filled with caustic soda solution (10-20 per cent.). The temperature is maintained at 60° C, and the lead peroxide anode evidently acts as a catalyst, since with platinum the discharged oxygen is evolved without effect- ing the oxidation :— /OH /OH O6H3—0CH3 + 30 - C6H8—OCH, + CH3C00H. 2 SACCHARIN can be produced by the electrolytic oxida- tion of o-toluenesulphonamide. ELECTROLYTIC OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS. Methyl alcohol can be oxidised tinder certain conditions to formaldehyde with a yield of 80 per cent. Elbs and 3 Brunner employed 160 grams of methyl alcohol and 75 grams of sulphuric acid per litre. A smooth platinum 2 anode with a current density of 375 amps, per dm. gave good results at 30° C, whilst anodes of platinised platinum or lead peroxide gave a low yield of formaldehyde and much oarbon dioxide. Ethyl alcohol in dilute sulphuric acid gives small amounts 1 2 D.R.P. 92007 (1895); Electrochem. Beview, 1900,1,81. D,RP. 85491(1895). »Zeitsch.Elektrochem., 1900,6,604.PDF Image | MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICALS BY ELECTROLYSIS
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