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anions present in NEW result in the rupture of the membrane and outflow of the bacterial cell content; instantaneously destroying the cell. NEW can also disrupt other functions of the cell. Unlike “higher” organisms, single celled organisms such as bacteria obtain their energy sources from the environment immediately outside the cell. Small molecules are transported across the cell membrane via an electrochemical gradient. Thus, any significant change in the ORP of the immediate environment has drastic consequences for the cell. Even if instantaneous death of the cell does not occur, all enzymatic functions in the membrane are affected and this will also result in loss of cell livability. The mechanism of action for the eradication of various microorganisms by NEW is well documented by third party resources. The mode of action is as follows: The free ions in NEW rapidly react and denature proteins. For this reason, NEW should not be used on protein-based products because it will react with and destroy the proteins. Once NEW comes in contact with a microorganism; it attacks the bacterial proteins located in the cell membranes. Because of the osmolarity difference (the concentration of ions in the solution versus in the cytoplasm), NEW induces the rupture of cell membranes, leading to cell lysis. The high oxidation of NEW first damages bacteria cell walls, allowing infiltration by water. The microbe reaches capacity, causing an osmotic, or hydration, overload. The acidic fluid and water floods the cell faster than the cell can expel it, literally causing the cell to burst. NEW produces a residual that continues to remain available based on bacterial demand. ORP levels can last for long periods of time depending and organic burden. Tests show that not only is NEW an effective sanitizer and disinfectant, but it is also sporicidal. Sporicidal tests have demonstrated that NEW treatment eliminates bacterial spores and biofilm. There is a push by the American public to reduce or ban antibiotic use in food-supply animal feeding rations. Antibiotics are becoming ineffective in animals and humans, and are leading to the development of antibiotic- resistant “super bugs”. The use of NEW greatly reduces the need for antibiotics in animal feed rations due to the bactericidal nature of the solution. Because NEW effectively destroys microorganisms, they cannot build up resistance to NEW as they can to other sanitizers and disinfectants. 3.4 Chemistry ECA technology generates NEW consisting of the following known chemical species: Hypochlorous Acid (HOCl) Sodium Hypochlorite (NaClO) Sodium Chloride (NaCl) In aqueous solution, hypochlorous acid partially dissociates into the anion Hypochlorite ClO-: HOCl OCl- + H+ HOCl and OCl- exist in a state of equilibrium: OCl- + H2O HOCl + OH- Cl2 +H2O HOCl+Cl- +H+ The relation between HOCl and OCl- is solely dependent on pH value. The pH level of NEW is preferably set to ~7 to produce the highest HOCl content. HOCl and OCl- are measured as FAC (Free Available Chlorine). The FAC compound is adjustable in NEW from 50 to 500ppm, which is many times less than the level currently found in most biocides, but many more times potent due to the composition of NEW. HOCl and OCl- have been shown to be the sole active substances in the biocidal effect of NEW. The quantity of HOCl and OCl- formed is dependent upon the pH of NEW. This is in contrast to traditional electrolysis processes, which would typically result in unstable oxidized water. Electrolysis of water may produce such products as H+ and 6|PagePDF Image | Neutral Electrolyzed Water
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