Regenerative Hydrogen Chlorine Fuel Cell for Grid-Scale

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Regenerative Hydrogen Chlorine Fuel Cell for Grid-Scale ( regenerative-hydrogen-chlorine-fuel-cell-grid-scale )

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Symbols aCl2 activity of chlorine gas aH2 activity of hydrogen gas aHCl(aq) activity of hydrochloric acid Ca capillary number Cbulk bulk concentration of oxidized form (Cl ), mol O 2 cm3 COS concentration of oxidized form (Cl2) near the electrode sur- face, mol cm3 Cbulk bulk concentration of reduced form (Cl−), mol R cm3 CRS concentration of reduced form (Cl−) near the electrode sur- face, mol cm3 C saturated concentration of Cl sat 2 D diffusion coefficient, cm2 s in HCl(aq), mol cm3 DCl− diffusion coefficient of Cl− in HCl(aq), cm2 s DCl diffusion coefficient of Cl2 in HCl(aq), cm2 2s E cell potential, V E0′ standard cell potential, V Eeq equilibrium potential, V f simplifying parameter in Nernst equation, V−1 H Henry’s law coefficient, g L·atm h1 aHCl(aq) fit, 0.33866-0.001283T i cell current density, mA iCl chlorine exchange current density, mA 0 cm2 iH hydrogen exchange current density, mA 0 cm2 i cell limiting current density, mA L cm2 J diffusive flux of species, mol cm2 ·s l proton-exchange membrane thickness, cm m molality, mol kg M molarity, mol L p cell power density, mW cm2 pCl2 chlorine gas partial pressure, atm pH2 hydrogen gas partial pressure, atm T temperature, degrees Celsius Vb bubble velocity, ms w capillary channel width, cm Greek letters α transfer coefficient α′ parameter in Henry’s law coefficient fit, grams-chlorine per liter/grams-HCl per liter · atm β parameter in Henry’s law coefficient fit, grams-chlorine per liter/atm γm activity coefficient of HCl(aq) ε HCl(aq) thin film thickness, cm η cell efficiency ηCl total chlorine electrode activation overpotential (including mass transport effects), V 5 cm2 η′ concentration-independent chlorine electrode activation over- Cl

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Regenerative Hydrogen Chlorine Fuel Cell for Grid-Scale

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